NUR 550 Using the GCU Library (notably the GCU Library: Nursing and Health Sciences Research Guide), find a database, journal, or other collection of resources that focuses on translational research.

NUR 550 Using the GCU Library (notably the GCU Library: Nursing and Health Sciences Research Guide), find a database, journal, or other collection of resources that focuses on translational research.

Translational research entails collection of knowledge from different clinical experiments and using it to handle critical medical needs and issues of a certain population. The aim of translational research is to enhance the health outcomes of the target population. As such, translational research is popular in healthcare because it offers evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions aimed at improving population health and quality care outcomes. The American Journal of Translational Research has different articles that focus on diverse healthcare issues. The article by Yuan et al. (2020) on clinical interventions for people with severe and critical COVID-19, is a translational research by the authors to help providers implement evidence-based practice interventions in offering care to patients with the condition. The article shows translational research comprising of type one (T1) and type (T2). Type 1 translational research entails developing research interventions for different diseases as demonstrated by the article which reviewed known and published evidence of the clinical interventions of severe and critical COVID-19. As COVID-19 was an emerging infectious disease, treatments and interventions were based on a trial and error aspects.

The study also shows type 2 translational research whose focus is to demonstrate the efficacy and effectiveness of the developed scientific interventions for use in clinical situations. Before the development of a vaccine, the disease had a high fatality rate associated with its complications like failure of multiple organs, and acute respiratory syndrome, it was necessary to evaluate interventions to inform of the most effective practices to deal with the condition. The study shows that different treatments should be tried to determine the efficacy of any developed scientific evidence or knowledge and interventions.

The use of translational research at the time was the most effective because of the need to find a vaccine for the viral infectious disease. Further, COVID-19 is a public health concern that required stakeholders to develop fast interventions to reduce its effects on patients and providers (Nash et al., 2019). Translational research focuses on streamlining processes of moving or translating laboratory finings into clinical and medical practice and treatment interventions to enhance health and well-being.

References

Nash, D. B., Fabius, R. J., Skoufalos, A., Clarke, J. L., & Horowitz, M. R. (2019). Population

health: Creating a culture of wellness (3rd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13: 9781284047929

Yuan, W., Liu, S., Lu, L., Feng, J., & He, X. (2020). Clinical interventions for severe and critical

COVID-19: what are the options. American Journal of Translational Research, 12(5), 2110. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7270004/

Click here to ORDER an A++ paper from our Verified MASTERS and DOCTORATE WRITERS NUR 550 Using the GCU Library (notably the GCU Library: Nursing and Health Sciences Research Guide), find a database, journal, or other collection of resources that focuses on translational research.:

The GCU Library lists several journals that focus on translational research. These journals include: American Journal of Translational Research, Clinical and Translational Medicine, Journal of Translational Medicine, Translational Pediatrics, and Translational Research: Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. The Translational Pediatrics journal discusses an issue of interest which is about pediatric asthma control during the COVID-19 pandemic. This journal is open-access and peer reviewed and focuses on health care in newborns, children, and adolescents (Grand Canyon University Library, n.d.). The type of translational research used for this study is the T4 phase, which “translates effective health care delivery into improved community and population health, informs new policies, and includes interventions in, and monitoring of, populations, the wider dissemination/implementation of improved practices/interventions, and health policy” (Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, 2022). This phase focuses on how population health practice affects real world health outcomes. The article by Sitthikarnkha et al. (2022) discusses the measures that were utilized by Thailand’s tertiary medical center to evaluate pediatric asthma control in patients using telemedicine in comparison to in-person visits. In order to avoid the possible consequences of exposure to COVID-19, telemedicine follow-up visits became an option for pediatric asthmatic patients. This was an alternative to in-person visits to the clinic as a way to reduce exposures to the patients and to be able to continue to manage their chronic illness. With the principles of the T4 phase, this study highlights the outcomes of interventions that Thailand used to carry on with management of asthma in pediatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. 

References

Grand Canyon University Library. (n.d.). Translational Research. https://libguides.gcu.edu/Nursing/TranslationalResearch

Sitthikarnkha, P., Uppala, R., Mairiang, D., Suebsarakam, P., Sirikarn, P., & Techasatian, L. (2022). Pediatric asthma control in tertiary care setting using telemedicine during COVID-19 era. Translational pediatrics, 11(12), 1892–1898. https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-22-287

Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute. (2022). What is translational research? https://www.tuftsctsi.org/about-us/what-is-translational-science/

With use of the GCU Library: Nursing and Health Sciences Research Guide, I found multiple journals that focus on translational research. The journal that stood out the most is the “Translational Research: Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine”. This is a unique journal database because it looks at an interdisciplinary scope aiming to translate scientific studies into new and improved standards of care. This journal ranges between preclinical, clinical, epidemiology, and health outcomes research.

The article I found when looking on the journal database was about kidney function, kidney diseases, and the need for more available physical entities to conduct research on, such as organoids, and use of 3D-bioprinting of kidney models generated from stem cells. According to Tekguc et al. (2022), kidney injuries that cause severe or progressive chronic kidney disease have driven the growing population of patients with end-stage kidney disease, leading to substantial patient morbidity and mortality. This irreversible kidney damage has also created a huge socioeconomical burden on the healthcare system, highlighting the need for novel translational research models for progressive kidney diseases. This type of translational research is T1 because it emphasizes on basic science research by striving for use of organoids in order to better the treatment for kidney injuries.

Resource

Tekguc, M., Van Gaal, R. C., Uzel, S. G., Gupta, N., Riella, L. V., Lewis, J. A., & Morizane, R. (2022). Kidney organoids: A pioneering model for kidney diseases. Translational Research.

It was an interesting article about the need for more available physical entities to conduct research on, such as organoids, and use of 3D-bioprinting of kidney models generated from stem  cells in kidney diseases. I was reading another article  about graft immaturity & safety concerns in transplanted kidney organoids ,which is published on 2019.Their data suggest that kidney organoids derived from iPS cells may be transplantable but strategies to improve nephron differentiation and purity are required before they can be applied in humans as a therapeutic option. Thus, it is essential to determine the maturity of the transplanted organoids and their capacity for mal differentiation. (Nam, et .al ,2019.) In another article about Vascular deficiencies in renal organoids and ex vivo kidney organogenesis. Their study shows increasingly recognized obstacle in laboratory-created tissues, including organoids, is the difficulty of growing and maintaining a functional vasculature. Blood vessels are necessary for tissues to develop long-term and to achieve sizes beyond the limit of oxygen and nutrient diffusion. Lastly, growing evidence supports the necessity of vasculature in promoting differentiation and maturation of tissues, including the kidney. Recent technological advances are providing hope for alternative sources of functional renal tissue. (Ryan, et.al.,2021.).

References:

 Ryan, A. R., England, A. R., Chaney, C. P., Cowdin, M. A., Hiltabidle, M., Daniel, E., Gupta, A. K., Oxburgh, L., Carroll, T. J., & Cleaver, O. (2021). Vascular deficiencies in renal organoids and ex vivo kidney organogenesis. Developmental biology, 477, 98–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.04.009 Nam, S. A., Seo, E., Kim, J. W., Kim, H. W., Kim, H. L., Kim, K., Kim, T. M., Ju, J. H., Gomez, I. G., Uchimura, K., Humphreys, B. D., Yang, C. W., Lee, J. Y., Kim, J., Cho, D. W., Freedman, B. S., & Kim, Y. K. (2019). Graft immaturity and safety concerns in transplanted human kidney organoids. Experimental & molecular medicine, 51(11), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-019-0336-x s://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-019-0336-

Population health focuses on a particular group within a larger population, their health habits, and what elements, either environmental or social, that might affect their health (Flavin, 2022). Some examples of population health issues might include life expectancy, infant mortality, disability, and quality of life. Population health can be affected by societal issues like income equality, gender, race, education, poverty, and access to necessities like food, clean water, shelter, and a safe environment (Flavin, 2022). One area of population health I found of interest was the care of adults and seniors with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), as it’s not something I hear much about and have always wondered what happens to children with ASD once they grow up. One out of every 44 children in the unites states will be affected by ASD, and as those with ASD age, nurses can expect to eventually provide care to many adults and older adults affected by ASD (Kartoz, Wells, & Munoz, 2022). A case study located in the Online Journal of Issues in Nursing utilizes T3 translational research to describe interventions that can be implemented when providing care to the aging adult with ASD. According to the study, many older adults with ASD needed assistance even accessing medical care, and there seems to be quite a range in their ability to perform ADLs and participate in their own care (Kartoz, Wells, & Munoz, 2022). The study discusses ways for the nurse to approach tasks such as ADLs with the older adult who has ASD, and help them provide care for themselves as well as interact with members of the care team to participate in their own medical care. I do think that the right method of translational research is used in this study, although I do feel that ultimately more time should be spent in the T1 and T2 phase as there is still such limited data ASD in the aging population, and we still have much to learn about providing care to these individuals.

References:

Flavin, B. (2022, May). What Is Population Health? A Key Concept Explained. Retrieved from Rasmussen University: https://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/health-sciences/blog/what-is-population-health/

Kartoz, C., Wells, M., & Munoz, S. (2022, September 30). Adults and Seniors with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Implications for Person Centered Care. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 27(3). Retrieved from https://ojin.nursingworld.org/table-of-contents/volume-27-2022/number-3-september-2022/adults-and-seniors-with-autism-spectrum-disorder/

That is an interesting topic! According to the article by Mason et al. (2021), research studies on children with autism are more common bur research has now begun to focus on the outcomes of autism in adulthood. I think that we always hear about autism in children but we don’t really hear anything about how adults cope with autism and the kinds of treatments that they undergo as well as their experience in adulthood. The article also reveals that the majority of autistic adults have poor social outcomes as 50% do not achieve independence in living status, employment and other relationships (Mason et al, 2021). It makes me wonder how their experiences as children affect their adulthood. High- functioning autistic individuals are more likely to have good outcomes compared to those moderate to severe autism (Mason et al., 2021). Personally, I have not encountered very many adults with autism in my nursing practice, however, I do hear more about it in children. From what I have learned from personal encounters, I know that help is available for children with autism and their parents/families. 

Reference

Mason, D., Capp, S., Stewart, G., Kempton, M., Glaser., K., Howlin, P., & Happe, (2021). A Meta-analysis of Outcome Studies of Autistic Adults: Quantifying Effect Size, Quality, and Meta-regression. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51(9): 3165–3179, https://doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04763-2

After reviewing the GCU library: Nursing and Health Sciences Research Guide, I found the translational pediatric population study. The aim of the study is the tip localization of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) guided by intracavitary electrocardiography in newborns, through a randomized trial. The study was completed in 2021 in China. The study is conducted by Zhu.et.al. Utilizing T2 and T3 translational research. This phase focuses on clinical practices to the controlled group determining the effectiveness of the practice. 

As described by CDC (2022), translational research investigates how scientific work applies to practice and benefits the society. Through the 5 phases of the research, it is investigated how the outputs of basic and applied research can be effectively translated into practice and have an impact.  

In this study, a total of 106 newborns, who needed a PICC. They were divided into 2 groups- study group and control group. In the study group, the ECG monitor was connected after the puncture when inserting the PICC into the sternoclavicular joint, the catheter tip position was determined based on the P-wave changes on the ECG. To confirm an x-ray was taken at the same time. On the other hand, in the control group, after the puncture and insertion of the PICC into the location to a predetermined length, location x-ray was taken. The study measured the accuracy, procedure duration, and the cost of the two-localization methods. The study showed that the specificity of localization in the study group was not statistically significant when compared to the control group. But when comparing the duration and the cost, those were significantly different. A few limitations included sample size, skill level of the operators, and status of cardiovascular health of the patients. In conclusion, observing P-wave changes for PICC tip localization showed higher accuracy and in real time instead of completing an x-ray post procedure with lower rates of ectopic PICC (Zhu et.al., 2021).  

Upon reviewing the study, I believe this is the right method to evaluate effectiveness of EBP for PICC tip location. Although this study is completed on newborns, the results could be used for adult patient population as well. The study is an example of taking EBP to clinical practice. The purpose of T3 and T4 phases is about how these interventions would work in the real world (Titler, 2018). At the same time understand any adverse effects with EBP for targeted population. Translational study is the best for this study, especially when there are other ways to determine the PICC tip location i.e. through x-rays. The study plays a significant role in addressing the time savings, accuracy and keeping patient experience in mind (saving for x-ray exposure), which are part of the phases evaluation under translational study. Additionally, the study highlights cost saving and expedited care delivery without time delays.  

This EBP practice is gaining popularity these days due to the ease of use, time savings and cost effectiveness in adult population too, except in patients with cardiovascular issues i.e, atrial fibrillation etc.  

References 

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). May 1st, 2018. Translation Research. Retrieved from 

Titler, M. G. (2018). Translation Research in Practice: An Introduction. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(2), 1. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No02Man01  

Zhu LB, Liu L, Zhang TS, Zheng YT, Lu CY, Lu K, Zhang SX, Duan LY, Yang ML. A clinical study on the tip localization of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) guided by intracavitary electrocardiography in newborns: a randomised trial. Transl Pediatr 2021;10(10):2409-2417. doi: 10.21037/tp-20-370